Fix g_module_symbol() under Windows sometimes not succeeding

g_module_symbol() internally calls CreateToolhelp32Snapshot() which
in some circumstances returns ERROR_BAD_LENGTH and according to the docs
should lead to CreateToolhelp32Snapshot() being retried by the caller.

This retry logic was missing and for example led to g_module_symbol()
not succeeding if another thread happened to call the wrong function
at the wrong time.

This got noticed in the g-i build of gtk4 where g-i would call g_module_symbol()
on all gtk4 _get_type symbols and while inspecting the properties gtk4 would
spawn a thread calling SHGetSpecialFolderLocation() somewhere down the line.
During the call to SHGetSpecialFolderLocation() CreateToolhelp32Snapshot() would
return with ERROR_BAD_LENGTH for a short period of time and make g_module_symbol()
fail, which lead to "Invalid GType function" errors in g-i.

Fixes https://gitlab.gnome.org/GNOME/gtk/-/issues/3213